Biomonitoring of Air Pollution by Trace Elements Using Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L. ‘Lema’)
نویسندگان
چکیده
Results of investigations and assessment of air pollution by cadmium, lead, and arsenic using Italian ryegrass are presented in this paper. The experiment was carried out in the 2011 growing season in Poznań city and surroundings areas. Lolium multiflorum L. ‘Lema’ exhibits several properties useful for active biomonitoring of air pollution. Plants were exposed at sites varying in environmental characteristics. High cadmium and lead concentrations in leaves were noted in plants exposed within the city area. Canonical variate analysis illustrated variability in concentrations of elements in certain exposure series. The highest arsenic concentrations were observed in the first exposure series, while the highest lead concentrations were observed during the second series. Comparison of trace element concentrations at exposure sites to the control site revealed that comparable levels occurred in the city sites and the Agro-ecological Landscape Park. This was an effect of high cadmium and lead levels at city sites, and arsenic at the rural site. The lowest level of measured trace elements was observed at an exposure site located 15 km from Poznań in a rural area.
منابع مشابه
Expression of alkane monooxygenase (alkB) genes by plant-associated bacteria in the rhizosphere and endosphere of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) grown in diesel contaminated soil.
For phytoremediation of organic contaminants, plants have to host an efficiently degrading microflora. To assess the role of endophytes in alkane degradation, Italian ryegrass was grown in sterile soil with 0, 1 or 2% diesel and inoculated either with an alkane degrading bacterial strain originally derived from the rhizosphere of Italian ryegrass or with an endophyte. We studied plant colonizat...
متن کاملIdentification of quantitative trait loci for seed traits and floral morphology in a field-grown Lolium perenne · Lolium multiflorum mapping population
Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass), and Lolium multiflorum Lam. (annual or Italian ryegrass), differ in several traits related to seed yield. Generally, L. multiflorum spikes are larger than L. perenne spikes, and have more spikelets, more florets per spikelet, larger seeds and awns. The greater number of spikelets and florets and larger seeds are associated with higher seed yield in L. mul...
متن کاملEffect on Milking Performance of Vitamin-Trace Element Supplements to Early Lactation Italian Brown Cows Grazing Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) Pasture
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of concentrates containing different levels of a vitamin-trace elements premix on milk yield and composition of dairy cows. The trial, which lasted 14 weeks, was conducted from January to March and used 45 multiparous Brown cows in the early phase of lactation. Cows (n = 15 per treatment) were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments:...
متن کاملEVALUATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HERBICIDE RESISTANCE IN ITALIAN RYEGRASS (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) BIOTYPES TO DICLOFOP-METHYL AND ALTERNATIVE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
متن کامل
Control of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) with Several Postemergence Herbicides
Field experiments were conducted in Virginia in 2000 and 2001 to investigate responses of wheat and diclofop-methyl-sensitive and –resistant Italian ryegrass to POST applications of several experimental and registered herbicides. The experimental herbicide combination AE F130060 03 was as effective as diclofop-methyl and more effective than chlorsulfuron plus metsulfuron, chlorsulfuron plus met...
متن کامل